Essay on Parents and their Children - 1171 Words

As a child grows up it may appears as a simple matter of blowing out a different number of candles each year. However, there are multiple psychological factors involved in this process. The factors include parents’ role in the child’s life, peer pressure, the culture in which the child is raised, and television. These factors work together to shape a child’s social development. Parents are seen as a child’s role model and support since birth. As a role model, their actions teach children the difference between right and wrong. As a support, they provide love and care. In addition to love, care, and knowledge, they exert control and provide discipline. Not all parents are the same because they are different individuals with different†¦show more content†¦However, there are also parents who make few rules that are hardly reinforced. Those parents are known as permissive parents. They show more affection than control over their children, allowing the children to take control of their own actions. Children raised by permissive parents, not all, show strong correlation to impulsive behaviors and limited self-control. Then there are permissive parents who show no affection or interest in their children’s lives. Those parents are the neglecting parents. Neglecting parents are not involved in their children’s lives, resulting in social issues such as difficulty in social relationships. Neglectfulness has been correlated to delinquent in early teen years such as drugs or alcohol abuse. Other than parents, peers play a factor in development as well. Peer relationships are influences are biasedly view as negative, however they can be positive as well. Peer relationships act as socializing assembly with ideal behaviors, languages, and appearances. Because peer groups allow children to compare themselves to others their own age, they learn more about themselves. These relationships contribute to skill developing in areas li ke communication, such as controlling their aggression. With appearances and behaviors looked upon by peers those who act appropriately and appear attractiveShow MoreRelatedChildren And Parents On Children2426 Words   |  10 PagesIf you were to over hear a conversation in a household with children, it isn’t uncommon that you would here bickering and debating between child and parents on their future plans of education. One of the first big discussions would be whether or not to attend a school or to stay home for education. Deciding where a child should further their education is not a decision that should be taken lightly. There is a reason that the decision to homeschool or to send a child to a public or private schoolRead MoreChildren With The Parent Families1287 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Children with fathers at home tend to do better in school, are less prone to depression and are more successful in relationships. Children from one-parent families achieve less and get into trouble more than children from two parent families.†( The Consortium for the Study of School Needs of Children from One Parent Families, 1980). Children in single-parent homes are becoming more common now days; more so single mother families, where there is an absent father in the child’s life. Whether theRead MoreChildren of Divorced Parents1424 Words   |  6 PagesChildren who come from broken homes or who have divorced parents often grow into adults with no family values and in turn, have broken homes of their own. In some cases, these children grow into adults with little values and lack the ability to do whatever it takes to ensure that their children do not suffer the same hurtful experience they did. It is unfortunate that marriages sometimes end and there are children caught in the middle of the marriage but it may be worst for the parents to stayRead MoreParents Are The Foundation For Children1904 Words   |  8 PagesParents are the foundation for children to develop gender stereotypes. They have a significant role of fostering their values into their children. At the same time, parents also introduce gendered ideals through their interactions and by unintentionally falling back on the traditional ideals they were brought up with. Such ideals will include clothes with gender connotations or having the child perform gender related housework. Because parents are the basis for their children’s ideals of gender,Read MoreChildren of Incarcerated Parents1800 Words   |  8 PagesEffects on Children of Incarcerated Fathers Most of the prisons in America are overcrowded. They are overcrowded with men, most of which are fathers and nearly half of these incarcerated fathers were living with their child or children before going to prison. The effects on these children can be detrimental. This can also cause strained relationships with the mothers or other family members doing their best to take care of these children while their father is away. There can be social as well asRead MoreA Gift for Parents: Children612 Words   |  2 PagesChildren, a young human being below the age of full physical development, or below the legal age of majority; this is how some dictionaries define â€Å"Children†. When I think about a child or children, I think of an indefensive human being that is in search of love, care, someone who brings happiness in the house and peoples life, someone that from a young age looks to parents for protection and support. Some parents often work hard, and for long hours so as to lea ve their children an inheritance. ItRead MoreShould Children Parents Be Allowed? Their Biological Parents?1751 Words   |  8 Pagesthink of dogs or cats. Others of children. With people, there is a debate over whether or not adopted children should be allowed to know their biological parents. Some people say that it could do good for a child to know who their parents were. Others say no because it may cause problems for either of the family or the adoptee. This is the wrong idea, because of the benefits from knowing their biological parents. Adoptees do have the right to know their biological parents. Many people make theRead MoreParents Should Encourage Their Children1015 Words   |  5 PagesParents dream of popularity, college scholarships, and professional athleticism lead them into blindly pushing their children into misery. In an article written by Baldwin Ellis, he suggests that an array of emotional issues can stem from this type of parenting (Ellis,2015). The act of pushing may, in fact, encourage the child to perform at a level less than their actual potential. Kathryn Hatler of Demand Media sites that many parents live their lives vicariously through their children (Hatler,nRead MoreParents A Choice For Children : Parents Making A Choice1833 Words   |  8 PagesParents Making a Choice Parents often complain how video games are too violent for their children and that it could have a negative impact towards their behavior. That can be true if the child is given a game that is rated higher than its intended audience. Even if it sounds like an unwise choice to give a kid a violent game, it’s up to the parent to decide if their kids get a rated â€Å"E† for everyone game or a rated â€Å"M† for mature game. Children should defiantly not be given game titles that aren’tRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Their Parents Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is a life-transforming event that is caused by and lead to a variety of different conditions. Above all else, divorce has a huge influence on children and their parents, respectively. For parents who are getting divorced, it is crucially important to keep an eye on kids’ mental conditions and behavior – for children found themselves lost in such â€Å"unfamiliar † situation (Raynish, 2007). It has been researched by American Psychological Association (2016) that the divorce rate significantly

The Work of WWII That Evokes A More Powerful Reaction

Imagine being bolted up in a diminutive, poorly-ventilated and crowded wagon for days in your others’, and your own, grime and moisture. You arrive at what seems to be called a concentration camp, and are assured that everything will be fine. Now visualize finding out that you were deceived, while you are gazing above at the gas pouring out of the ceiling into the swarming room of frightful people. And then you’re gone. World War II was a petrifying war that struck the earth with great incredulity. The conflict was instigated in 1939, with Germany’s invasion of Poland, and concluded in 1945 after the Axis powers (Germany, Japan, and Italy) surrendered. Although many gruesome things had happened during this war, as they always do in wars,†¦show more content†¦This makes the written work weaker in evoking a reaction than the excerpt from â€Å"Night†, because Elie Wiesel (the Author) was a genuine survivor from incarceration in the deathly camp of A uschwitz, and knew exactly what had occurred inside the confines. His direct account of the holocaust results in his extensive content of emotion, which makes his story enormously powerful in evoking reactions to the portrayal of the evils of the time, specifically through his use of imagery. Imagery is â€Å"The use of vivid or figurative language to represent objects, actions, or ideas.†[3] Although Winston Churchill does use some vivid language to express his points and goals, he is limited to how graphic his language can be. For example, it would be exceedingly incongruous if Churchill used the story of a man’s arms being severed off (as an experiment in one of the camps) in order to illustrate the pains of the war. This would set off panic and turmoil through the streets of Great Britain, hence the need to restrict such language and imagery. He resorts to humbly being informative, and focusing more on persuasion rather than what I call invasion (of the mind). From â€Å"Night†, Wiesel uses a lot of imagery and communicates things in a somewhat graphic method in order to evoke emotions that will give rise to feelings that are even a mere fraction of how he felt during the time of the describedShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Algiers ( A Reenactment O f Algeria s Fight For Independence1328 Words   |  6 Pagesgenuine emotional or psychological response from the audience. Socially unacceptable content is essential to a significant film because it allows the artwork to evoke emotion, produce vexing images, and tell a compelling story. Emotion is essential to film because without it, art cannot be felt, absorbed, or fully analyzed. When a film evokes a tear or makes the audience shutter, it is successfully engaging the audience and creating an unspoken dialogue between the art and the viewer. As Professor HoffmanRead More Comparing Sophocles Antigone and Jean Anouilhs Antigone Essay2293 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Man-God-Society triangle and the black-and-white distinctions within the story. He creates a heroine with human faults and emotions, whom society can both embrace and emulate, in order to criticize the Vichy collaboration with Nazi Germany during WWII. Sophocles, following the Greek standard of tragedy, casts Creon as the tragic hero plagued by his own pride, inflexibility and power. Creon believes his authority to be twofold, both as the king and as the head of his family. He claims that theRead More`` Lady Lazarus `` By Sylvia Plath1491 Words   |  6 Pagestouched on topics of depression and suicide in such a shameless way that, it is capable of evoking emotion most modern forms of expression fail to reach. To do this Plath masterfully uses imagery that creates a sense of repulsion and dread that only work to add to the general tone of the poem. Additionally, the idea of a top 40 artist using holocaustic imagery to pontificate about how sad they were about the on goings at the club feels quite absurd, not to mention inevitable outrage of social justiceRead MoreMini Cooper5542 Words   |  23 Pagesactivities, including marketing research, product development, organisation of resource distribution, pricing strategies, press and public relations, advertising and personal selling, a long supply chain that ends in â€Å"the sale†. Marketing influences more than just retailers and buyers, but even non-buyers, via impacts on the common environment. But to distill it simply, marketing’s main objectives can be identified as the following: â€Å"To achieve the highest possible consumption rates, to achieve maximumRead MoreDistinctively Visual Learning and Teaching Program8860 Words   |  36 Pagesor feeling; but if they can’t grab our imagination and souls, for just a little minute, they will not be able to convey their message. Language is an exceedingly powerful tool to use because it is so rich with nuance and meaning.Task: Extended writing task: ‘The power of the image’, discuss the power of images to provoke audience reactions. Essay revision with scaffold, teacher model with phrases and concepts from this essay can be transferred into any essay/exposition response for di stinctively visualVisualRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesSingapore: Culture 4. Environment a. Developed vs. Developing b. Should environment be saved at all costs c. Are we doing enough to save the environment? d. Main reasons for environmental problems nowadays 5. Religion a. Religion divides more than it unites b. Religion and politics c. Science and religion 6. Terrorism a. Can terrorism ever be eradicated? 7. Sports a. True purpose of sports nowadays b. Sports and Media 8. Foreign Aid a. How effective is Foreign Aid?Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesBehavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai

Achilles vs Gilgamesh free essay sample

Achilles vs. Gilgamesh Greg R Honors Humanities I For thousands of years, cultures have remembered their heroes through long, narrative poems known as epics. The most well-known Mesopotamian epic was the Epic of Gilgamesh. The Greeks were also well known for their writing ability. One of the most popular Greek epics was the Iliad. Just recently, ideas began to pop up that there are specific themes that are used to connect the Akkadian epics with the culture of the Homeric Epics (Gresseth 2). These connections seem to include how the epics were passed on from one generation to the next, the fact that death is a central heme in both, and how the main character develops as the story progresses. The Epic of Gilgamesh was a Sumerian epic about the king of Uruk. The Epic of Gilgamesh was recited orally for centuries before it was recorded at Sumer in the late third millennium (Fiero 19). We will write a custom essay sample on Achilles vs Gilgamesh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Much like the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Iliad was also recited orally before being written down. Both the Iliad and the Epic of Gilgamesh were recited orally and were lost likely accompanied by an instrument to make the memorization process quicker and easier. In ancient times, memorizing and reciting poems such as these was seen as entertainment. For whatever reason this tradition of oral recitation died out and then the first forms of the epics came about. We are unsure if both epics were recited orally for the same reasons, but we do know that they provide with a multitude of information to help us learn about their cultures. When looking at both epics, it is clear that death is a central theme throughout each story. Although each one contains aspects that are similar, the Greeks clearly viewed death differently than the culture that produced the Epic of Gilgamesh. In the epic of Gilgamesh, death is nowhere to be found in the beginning of the story. Gilgamesh is explains how he would go from wedding to wedding sleeping with the virgin brides before the groom was able to. His behavior becomes so bad that the gods decide that something must be done. This is where Enkidu comes in. The gods find Enkidu, who at the time lives in the fields with all the wild beasts, and decide to tame him. They do this by seducing him with a priestess from the temple, or a prostitute (it is unsure which one was actually used). Once this happens, Enkidu goes off to fght Gilgamesh and kill him. They have a long epic battle that lasts days but eventually ends with Gilgamesh having the upper hand. After their battle they become best friends. Enkidu is his right hand man for everything and even goes with Gilgamesh to help him on his quest for immortality which was said to be unobtainable (Wolff 396). A sense of death does not arise until the gods decide that either Gilgamesh or Enkidu has to die. They eventually decide to kill Enkidu by striking him with a deadly disease. It is important to note that Enkidu is upset with the fact that he dies from a disease rather than from fghting on the battlefield. This is the first time Gilgamesh really is made aware to the fact that death exists. While the Sumerians clearly feared death, the Greeks welcomed it. The Iliads main character is a man known as Achilles. He too is semi-divine and is only concerned with war. One of the main causes for their opposing views on death is the definition that each of them gives to the word immortality. The Sumerians see immortality in the literal sense: living forever; but the Greeks see it in a metaphorical sense: having their names live on long after they are dead and gone. Achilles is fully aware the death exists because his whole life is based on killing enemy soldiers and winning battles. While Gilgamesh feared death, Achilles welcomed it. He knew that for his name to live on forever, he would eventually have to be killed. He was unsure how this would happen, but he knew that if he went to Troy, he, along with one of the best of the myrmidons, would be killed. His mother was not able to tell him which Myrmidon it was; Just that it would be one of the best. An interesting point to make would be that Achilles mother is a goddess and because of this, she is able to see the future and tell Achilles what will happen. One of the things that make Patrocluss death so horrid is that Achilles was not aware hat he was the one who was going to die. While Achilles seeks his death and wishes it upon himself, Gilgamesh does everything in his power to avoid his own death. So although each culture had different views on the idea of death and whether or not it was something to be welcomed or feared, each culture did realize that it a necessary thing. Up until the time of Enkidus death, Gilgamesh was not even aware to the idea of life and death. He was only concerned with being king and doing whatever he pleased. After Enkidus death, Gilgamesh is completely changed. He fears death so uch that he sets out to find a plant that is supposed to make whoever consumes it immortal. He is affected by the death of his friend so much that he changes his ways as a king. He no longer sleeps with virgin brides and even builds a wall around the city. Gilgamesh transitions from being a fearless, semi-divine king, to someone who fears death and tries to avoid it at all costs. Much like Gilgamesh, the main development of Achilles comes after the death of his dearest friend Patroclus. However, it is important to point out a few key things that happened before the death of Patroclus. Prior to Patrocluss death, Achilles is fully aware that he must die to have honor that was promised to him from Odysseus. However, Achilles view completely changes when Agamemnon, the Greek king, takes his slave-woman from him. Once this happens, Achilles refuses to fight for the Greeks. He becomes depressed and decides that his death is not worth the honor that he would receive. Eventually, Patroclus becomes disgusted with Achilles and asks if he can go to battle without him. Achilles says yes but asks that he only wards off the Trojans from the beach and nothing more; for fear that this would take away from his glory. This is contradictory because while Achilles is still worried about his glory and metaphorical immortality, he also believes that after a man dies, nothing is left of him. After the death of Patroclus, Achilles decides that life is no longer worth living and he wishes to die. He knows that his death will come shortly after he kills Hector so this makes him want to kill Hector even more. So through the deaths of their closest friends, we are able to see the development of both Achilles and Gilgamesh. They each go from being uncivilized, to civilized, and then back to uncivilized and they both acknowledge that hey will eventually have to face death, not knowing what will become of them after they are gone. In both the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Iliad, we find two semi-divine heroes on a quest for some form of immortality. Although their views differ, they are developed through similar events. Each begins as uncivilized, with no regard for others. Both also have mothers who are goddesses. They both also have a very close friend that means more than anyone else to them. Each of these friends also dies, which is an essential part to each story. The biggest difference between the two eroes is that Gilgamesh is completely unaware of death and does not even think about it until after the death of Enkidu.

Whats a hero free essay sample

What would you consider a hero? Spider-man? Superman? Batman? Well to me that is nothing at all what a super hero is. Not many people would look at an old lady and think she is a hero or see a normal soldier in his casual clothes and think he is one either. A hero defined in the dictionary is, a person who, in the opinion of others, has heroic qualities or has performed a heroic act and is regarded as a model or ideal. A hero to me is somebody that I respect an I look up to, to do the right thing and is a good role model to not only me, but others as well. A lot of people consider a soldier a hero and I would strongly agree with them. Both of my older cousins serve in the armed forces and one makes his living working in the Air Force. We will write a custom essay sample on Whats a hero or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His name is Jordan and he is a hero to me because he has risked his life five times for his country and the people of the United States. He has been serving for a total of seven years and is the most dedicated person to his Job that I have ever seen! My other cousin, Jared, would have to be the second most influential person in my ife. He is a big role model to me for many reasons. He is the nicest guy in the world. He would do anything in his power to make anyone around him have a better time or make his or her life better. He is very honest and always does the right thing. Even though his was very mischievous as a youngster he turned into a very respectful man. He also served in the armed forces. He was in the National Guard for six years and put in a lot of hard work and dedication to the country. However, he only ever ent on one tour his experienced truly changed him for the better. My last example of a hero is probably the most influential and the most important woman or even person in my life today. My grandma. She has always been there for my sister and l. My grandma is the most caring and loving woman in the world, at least to me. If there is one better I have yet to meet her. She is supporting in everything I have tried and is encouraging to anybody and everybody. She would give the shirt off of her own back to help somebody she Just meet. My grandma has been through a lot in her long life and has lived it to the fullest. She is my idol, and my biggest hero. On the contraire many people might disagree that a soldier is really a hero. They might argue who cares there are thousands of heroes if one soldier is a hero. There are tons soldiers. They may also ask is how is a grandma a hero? How could an old lady be a hero? Most elderly women dont save peoples lives or chase down criminals. That is very true and in the dictionary it also states that a hero is a man of istinguished ability. Any normal person with a little courage and a caring heart can be a hero to anybody. It is Just a matter of how people view you and your actions. I view my cousins and grandmas actions differently then anybody else does. Thats why they are my heroes. They exhibit all the qualities to be a hero to me. Even though there arent numerous movies about elderly women or soldiers being heroes there are still normal people out there who are heroes to people. Whats a hero By parrott50

Legality Of Same-Sex Marriages Essays (2776 words) - Baehr V. Miike

Legality of Same-Sex Marriages The proposed legalization of same-sex marriage is one of the most significant issues in contemporary American family law. Presently, it is one of the most vigorously advocated reforms discussed in law reviews, one of the most explosive political questions facing lawmakers, and one of the most provocative issues emerging before American courts. If same-sex marriage is legalized, it could be one of the most revolutionary policy decisions in the history of American family law. The potential consequences, positive or negative, for children, parents, same-sex couples, families, social structure public health, and the status of women are enormous. Given the importance of the issue, the value of comprehensive debate of the reasons for and against legalizing same-sex marriage should be obvious. Marriage is much more than merely a commitment to love one another. Aside from societal and religious conventions, marriage entails legally imposed financial responsibility and legally authorized financial benefits. Marriage provides automatic legal protections for the spouse, including medical visitation, succession of a deceased spouse's property, as well as pension and other rights. When two adults desire to "contract" in the eyes of the law, as well a perhaps promise in the eyes of the Lord and their friends and family, to be responsible for the obligations of marriage as well as to enjoy its benefits, should the law prohibit their request merely because they are of the same gender? I intend to prove that because of Article IV of the United States Constitution, there is no reason why the federal government nor any state government should restrict marriage to a predefined heterosexual relationship. Marriage has changed throughout the years. In Western law, wives are now equal rather than subordinate partners; interracial marriage is now widely accepted, both in statute and in society; and marital failure itself, rather than the fault of one partner, may be grounds for a divorce. Societal change have been felt in marriages over the past 25 years as divorce rates have increased and have been integrated into even upper class families. Proposals to legalize same-sex marriage or to enact broad domestic partnership laws are currently being promoted by gay and lesbian activists, especially in Europe and North America. The trend in western European nations during the past decade has been to increase legal aid to homosexual relations and has included marriage benefits to some same-sex couples. For example, within the past six years, three Scandinavian countries have enacted domestic partnership laws allowing same-sex couples in which at least one partner is a citizen of the specified country therefore allowing many benefits that heterosexual marriages are given. In the Netherlands, the Parliament is considering domestic partnership status for same-sex couples, all major political parties favor recognizing same-sex relations, and more than a dozen towns have already done so. Finland provides governmental social benefits to same-sex partners. Belgium allows gay prisoners the right to have conjugal visits from same-sex partners. An overwhelming majority of European nations have granted partial legal status to homosexual relationships. The European Parliament also has passed a resolution calling for equal rights for gays and lesbians. In the United States, efforts to legalize same-sex domestic partnership have had some, limited success. The Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc. reported that by mid-1995, thirty-six municipalities, eight counties, three states, five state agencies, and two federal agencies extended some benefits to, or registered for some official purposes, same-sex domestic partnerships. In 1994, the California legislature passed a domestic partnership bill that provided official state registration of same-sex couples and provided limited marital rights and privileges relating to hospital visitation, wills and estates, and powers of attorney. While California's Governor Wilson eventually vetoed the bill, its passage by the legislature represented a notable political achievement for advocates of same-sex marriage. The most significant prospects for legalizing same-sex marriage in the near future are in Hawaii, where advocates of same-sex marriage have won a major judicial victory that could lead to the judicial legalization of same-sex marriage or to legislation authorizing same-sex domestic partnership in that state. In 1993, the Hawaii Supreme Court, in Baehr v. Lewin, vacated a state circuit court judgment dismissing same-sex marriage claims and ruled that Hawaii's marriage law allowing

Project Management and Internal Function Essay Essays

Project Management and Internal Function Essay Essays Project Management and Internal Function Essay Essay Project Management and Internal Function Essay Essay The HRIS undertaking is necessitated by two factors which support our concern demands. One of these factors is the demand to maintain up with the demand for our merchandise within the market place. The 2nd factor is realizing a concern that works every bit difficult for its employees every bit hard as the employees have worked for the concern. Our concern has increased by two crease in the last 18 months. which means that we must make a new manner of making concern. As a consequence of this growing. we had to revamp the fiscal system. which has actualized its part through demoing up as clip nest eggs achieved through mechanization. As a consequence of implementing the fiscal system. we received our return on investing six months earlier than anticipated. How does it acquire any better than that? It is with the same dedication that the HRIS undertaking is being given life and endorsed by the stakeholders. which support this undertaking. Description As a consequence of this growing. we have merely completed the passage of integrating the fiscal system and it has been a shattering success. This new growing demands of us that we do concern a small otherwise now. It is our purpose through this undertaking to better the employees’ workplace and infinite in add-on to turn toing the alterations that come about from enlargement. There has been a pronounced and appreciable demand for our merchandises over the last two old ages. As a consequence of this growing. we now require a better manner of making concern. The HRIS undertaking will take an outside and inside attack in order to make the infinite for passage and a better manner of making concern. The approximative nest eggs through this undertaking would be actualized within the two quarters entirely. Aim The aim for this undertaking supports our end of accomplishing a more robust production environment for our clients in add-on to supplying a better environment for future growing for our employees. It is our purpose to back up this undertaking in the undermentioned ways: 1. Payroll will be automated and this will bring forth a faster and easier manner for the employees to be reimbursed or to do alterations to the car wage options. 2. Our employees will be in a better place to prosecute and make a calling path for them that aligns with their ain ends. 3. The HRIS procedure will let for more transparence in engaging for those on the exterior. 4. Potential employees will be able to see and use for unfastened places. 5. Management will be in a better place to guarantee that the possible appliers are well-qualified. 6. Extra support now available from the execution of the fiscal system can fund more research and undertakings to better the workplace. Success Criteria or Expected Benefits The success standards came from the assorted stakeholders and patrons. The Chief executive officer of the company. Rory Genhardt. commissioned a undertaking director to spearhead the HRIS undertaking. The undertaking director conducted several interviews of assorted stakeholders and patrons in order to obtain mensurable undertaking aims. The studies disseminated will include information gathered from the single SMEs. It is this information that was used to show information to the stakeholders. patrons and participants through studies. presentations. written. verbal and unwritten communications. The adept judgement provided by these assorted persons was priceless. They are outlined for the HRIS undertaking as marks. Specifically identified from the assorted stakeholders of the expected benefits of the execution of this undertaking are the â€Å"recruiting capabilities† and â€Å"succession planning† for the CEO. Per the HR Director. â€Å"vacation and ill clip and ill leave linked to attendance alternatively of old ages of services† . in add-on to â€Å"tracking of enfranchisement and instruction requirements† would be a benefit from the execution. The VP of Marketing would have benefit from the â€Å"employee database and the e-forms† . The VP of Finance would be appreciative of the â€Å"payroll capabilities† . The most good facets for the VP of Manufacturing would be the â€Å"performance reappraisal direction and compensation capabilities† . â€Å"Position control† and the â€Å"recruiting capabilities† would be good to the Plant Managers. Funding Some of the support available for this undertaking was generated per the information contained in the GenScoop newssheet. The Chief executive officer of GenRays provinces. â€Å"extra nest eggs will fuel extra growing and enlargement to the company. as we are able to fund more research and undertakings to better our workplace. † In add-on to the growing experienced from the entire gross revenues in the last one-fourth. GenRay is in a solid place to back up support for this undertaking as stated by the VP of Finance with a part of $ 103. 000. Should extra support be required for this undertaking. the Information Technology Director will be sought out as they have about $ 360. 000 available for hardware and package ascents in add-on to proficient staff being available for aid. Major Deliverables The undermentioned deliverables contained in this undertaking charter were derived from interviews with the stakeholders who said: ? The CEO requires that beginning of the undertaking is to get down after the W2s are issued per a petition from the CEO as clip is critical for the debut of this undertaking. The realization of this undertaking will make more â€Å"research and undertakings to better our workplace. † ? Per the executive patrons and the CEO. there is a petition to finish the undertaking with all the system elements being functional before the year-end shutting as the awaited nest eggs will supply company extra support for R A ; D undertakings on the skyline. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. ? In order to maintain the undertaking on agenda. integrating compatible squad members during the acting phase will assist to maintain the undertaking running swimmingly and diminish down clip. This is an internal map of the undertaking result. This deliverable creates a stable foundation for the beginning of the undertaking. ? The VP of Manufacturing requires integrating of the searchable public presentation characteristic so that directors can reexamine possible campaigners who can be selected for the direction plan. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. The stage in the undertaking allows for the HR. Plant Manager. VP of Finance and Marketing to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The Director of Human Resources requires an consciousness of which squad members require extra clip to travel through the forming. storming and norming phases. This is an internal map of the undertaking result. ? The CEO requires that the package has enrolling capablenesss. The information derived will test qualified campaigners who are using for places. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. The stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The CEO besides requires an integrated computerized system. which tracks the public presentation reappraisal information. to include enfranchisements. experience and educational demands which can be used for sequence planning. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. The stage in the undertaking allows for the HR. Plant Manager. VP of Finance and Marketing to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The Plant Manager from Manufacturing Site 1 requires a self-serve employee database which will track and update the information on each employee. This is an internal map of the undertaking result. The stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The VP of Marketing requires the execution of concern signifiers which populate E-forms for the easiness of inter-commerce for more standardised procedures among the organisation. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. ? The VP of Finance requires an machine-controlled self-service paysheet in order to salvage clip and money. This is an internal map of the undertaking result. ? The Plant Manager from Manufacturing Site 1 requires analyzation of the place control of the informations entered by salary. class and occupation title so as to supply just compensation to the employees throughout the site. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. ? The Director of Human Resources requires a capableness which mines the information contained within public presentation reappraisal informations and preparation records in order to guarantee that the proper campaigner is matched with most compatible campaigner. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. The stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The Director of Human Resources requires the capableness of self-service of employee’s information. which is so used and approved by their direction in order to streamline the hiring procedure. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. The stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The Director of Human Resources requires migration of the older databases in add-on to streamlining the information received into a amalgamate database to include fiscal. employee. holiday. benefits. preparation. instruction and enfranchisement. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. Acceptance Criteria Per the Chief executive officer of GenRays. the major credence standard is. â€Å"The undertaking must be complete with all system elements functional before year-end shutting. † In add-on to that the undermentioned standards are: ? The CEO’s credence is that the realization of this undertaking will make more â€Å"research and undertakings to better our workplace. † ? Per the executive patrons and the CEO. the credence standards for them is holding all the system elements be functional so that the company will hold extra support for R A ; D undertakings on the skyline. ? The CEO requires that the package have enrolling capablenesss. the stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize of this information. ? The CEO besides requires an integrated computerized system. which tracks the public presentation reappraisal information. This stage in the undertaking allows for the HR. Plant Manager. VP of Finance and Marketing to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? HR requires integrating compatible squad members. This standard creates a stable foundation for the beginning of the undertaking. ? The Director of HR’s credence requires an consciousness of which squad members require extra clip to travel through the forming. storming and norming phases. This is an internal map of the undertaking result. This stage ensures completion of the undertaking without forces complications. ? The VP of Manufacturing’s credence requires a searchable public presentation characteristic which allows for the HR. Plant Manager. VP of Finance and Marketing to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The VP of Marketing’s credence requires the execution of concern signifiers. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. ? The VP of Finance requires an machine-controlled self-service paysheet in order to salvage clip and money. This is an internal map of the undertaking result. ? The Plant Manager from Manufacturing Site 1 requires a self-serve employee database. The stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The Plant Manager from Manufacturing Site 1 requires analyzation of the place control of the informations entered by salary. class and occupation rubric. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. ? The Director of Human Resources requires a capableness which mines the information. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user. The stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The Director of Human Resources requires the capableness of self-service of employee’s information. The stage in the undertaking allows for direction to hold entree to and utilize this information. ? The Director of Human Resources requires migration of the older databases. This is an internal map of the undertaking result and a coveted merchandise to the terminal user.

Civil Liability and Private Police Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Civil Liability and Private Police - Essay Example urities to safeguard their concerns, there could be wanton licensing requirements which facilitate the release of certificates to prospective private security officers without ensuring that they are fully equipped and competent in enforcing the required rules of court on erring civilians. With the evolution of private security in the United States, the impact of their actions on civilians sometimes breaches the legal jurisdictions. It is in this regards that this paper is written to present relevant issues encompassing civil liability and private police and to determine how pressing issues can be addressed and resolved. According to Hill & Hill (2005), civil liability is defined as the â€Å"potential responsibility for payment of damages or other court-enforcement in a lawsuit, as distinguished from criminal liability, which means open to punishment for a crime†. This concept is linked to private security due to the following rationale as averred by Moore (1987: 134): â€Å"private security personnel are not considered law officers or peace officers and are, therefore, not bound by the same rules and regulations that apply to public office. (Ziff, 1967: 608) This means the private law officer is not bound by the constitutional restrictions of the Fourth and Fifth Amendments (Braun, 1971: 555)†. This means that more and more security officers become qualified and certified to take actions against employees who have violated some policies and procedures of the organizations of which they all are part of. However, in conjunction with these, there are also increasing instances of unrestricted unreasonable and excessive actions by private security officers against employees which are supported by the employers. As such, â€Å"without the Constitutional protections which would be available if the act were committed by a public police officer, the only recourse for a private individual against reckless and wanton conduct on the part of security personnel is a civil

Business Skills & Employability Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Business Skills & Employability - Case Study Example The company has been effective in the market as a complete company with diversified products leading to positive rating in the FTSE market. Sainsbury offers online platform for the sale of the various product and services. Its clothing brand is the seventh largest in the TU clothing sector with over 3000 products sold in its stores country wide and internationally (Daugherty, et al., 2009, p. 69). SWOT analysis involves the evaluation of the performance of the company in relation to the prevailing market. The analysis of the strength, opportunities, weakness and threats of the organization will help the manager to establish the position of the company. The understanding of the position of the company ensures that the marketing and communication strategy is developed to improve the performance of the business. For instance, if the competitors have ventured on the elderly population, the company may resort to developing products for the youths thus increasing organization performance. SWOT analysis of the company reveals strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with the current and future status of the company (Crawford, 2000, p. 53). For Sainsbury, it is vital to understand the weakness of the business and develop strategies to counter the weaknesses and threats associated with the company. ... it is successful because of the strengths associated with is as a brand which are diverse because of the diverse nature of the company. It has diversified its operation to cover various sectors of the business environment. The strengths of the company are as follows; Diversified investments The company has diversified its operations of the individual business units that are not related. The diversification of the business platform ensures reduced risks. In case of business unit failure, the different sector can support the other area. However, diversification alone cannot minimize risks and thus must be conducted carefully (Hollensen, 2007, p. 56). Over diversification leads to increased capital expenditure leading losses. The organization approach has ensured they invest in areas with the potential of success. The diversification approach has facilitated the development of the different units of the business organization. IT infrastructure The company uses the online platform simila r to the Amazon.com, but the focus of the organization is on sports and other sports related accessory. The competitive edge offered by the company includes offering variety in the sports sector, direct linkage with the manufacturing companies thereby developing brand loyalty (Preston, 2012, p. 12). The reduced focus for specific sport equipment and regime makes the company unique giving it an edge over the all-purpose online services offered by Amazon and other platforms. However, the challenge is on developing a market niche and retention of customers. The major competitive factors in the whole process are dependent on the situation analysis of the organization. The current situation indicates brand visibility, loyalty,

Health Development in Africa Essay Example for Free

Health Development in Africa Essay Throughout the world there is a growing concern about health as it is regarded as an essential part of the sustainable human development efforts. The growing importance of the health of the population is being highlighted in the economic circles, the foreign policy and the socio cultural settings. During the last 25 years, there has been drastic realization about health issues in the developing nations, which has given them hope of a better future for their children. Africa is one such region where poverty and hunger is widespread. This is the region where health care facilities are underdeveloped due to which many people face death. This paper, therefore, aims to devise and develop an essential health development policy, program and strategy for African region in order to eradicate the poverty. This forms the main thesis of the research paper (Mills, 1995). The role of health development has been gaining importance in the Africa and different countries are assisting the efforts by providing increased resources, which has put huge pressures on the weak health structure, organizational capabilities and workforce in one of the poorest regions of the country. There is a severe lack of planning and management of the health resources in this part of the world which has led to non- implementation of the health plans. The problem in the African region has been largely related to poverty, wars and conflicts, bad governance and non performance of health programs. This region also faces a huge virus of HIV and AIDS which increase the burden of disease (Loewenson, 1993). The domestic and international health polices for Africa have been drafted by international agreements of multiple countries which include Alma Ata Declaration of 1978, World Health Organizations Bamako Initiative in 1987 and Paris Declaration of 2005, and including many more. The famous Alma Ata, known as the birth of primary health care or PHC, aims to provide a comprehensive and affordable health plan by providing health facilities at the most basic level. However the PHC failed to achieve its targets due to lack of infrastructure and facilities, staff, civil wars, natural disasters and issues of bad governance and corruption. Later various new international policies were tried which included the structural adjustment plan of the World Bank which was based on loans, privatization and cost recovery, however it failed to deliver due to various reasons (Sikosana, 2009). The Bamako Initiative was launched in 1987 which was aimed at access to quality health care and tackle the scarcity of medicine by a number of balanced policies which were implement able and are the perfect health development plan for the impoverished region of Africa. Together with the World Bank 1993 report, both the policies aim at providing the healthcare at the grass root level in order to eradicate poverty (Mills, 1995). The recommendations include improving primary healthcare at all the levels in an equitable manner which should be available to all the people at any income level. Another recommendation includes the decentralization of the management of the PHC to the district level as oppose to the earlier practice which limited the control to few big hospitals which was the reason for corruption and bad governance. The government should ensure equity of fees charged at all levels which would ensure homogeneity of services to rich and poor alike. The government should be highly committed to maintain and expand the PHC program and all the national health policies should be inline to one standard policy. The government should also closely monitor the whole policy implementation process and ensure services to the poor. Sustainable effort should also be made to for poverty alleviation through education, gender equity, improved mother and child health programs and AIDS control programs. For the African health problems, the policymakers should make integrated national plans and strengthen the health systems by empowerment, equity and sustainability of the efforts. The public private partnership is also essential for the sustainability of the strategy (Sikosana, 2009).

APN Professional Business Plan

APN Professional Business Plan Yinusa Moshood Adeyemi Introduction As advanced practice nurses (APN), we have invested a lot of time and money in our education and seeking knowledge around. We have gone through dealing with the state laws and nurse practice acts, also gone through the principle of autonomy / collaborative approach of practice with physician depending on the state of practice. We are at the point where our career is at the turning point. Most people are in the nursing profession because of the passion they have for it, but we need to cater for our daily needs and family. At this stage, we are able to decide if we are going to establish a business or work for someone. Moving forward in the business like direction, there is a necessity for a business plan which will be further discussed in this writing. Who is being referred to in the business proposal is the Advanced Practice Nurse (Nurse practitioner). What they do is to work independently or in collaboration with a physician to fulfill their practice obligations which may include bu t not limited to evaluating patients via physical thorough assessment (either head to toe or focused), they have prescriptive privileges, and are also able to interprete common laboratory orders. They can order labs if they need further clarification with a current lab value, and so forth. In the state of Illinois, it is mandated that collaboration with a physician is a requirement of practice to be fulfilled. This paper will address the steps and documentation procedures that will be fulfilled to establish a mini clinic in the south side of Chicago neighborhood. Why this is being done is to fulfill the requirement of the APN professional business plan requirement and also to have an insight to what it takes to set up a clinic after licensure as an APN with practice privileges. Description of proposed APN business profile Proposed vision statement Our vision is to bring quality and affordable healthcare to Chicagos south side neighborhood. South Chicago clinic is aspiring to bring special healthcare services, health educational programs (primary preventive measures) as well as personal health and wellness programs to the south side Chicago population where there are a lot of populations of low class income families, helping them to meet their basic health needs and to engage in active primary health care practice. South Chicago clinic will be located in the Chicago neighborhood on the Chicago’s Southside; it will enhance the community with specialized care for the low class populations in the city and also the people in need. Proposed services South Chicago clinic is an affordable clinic that will be situated amid south side of Chicago neighborhood that will be especially dedicated to meet the exceptional needs of the low income populace. Proposing to bring services like vaccination, wellness visits, physical visits, health screenings, periodic health assessments and tests, minor injury treatments and so forth. Proposed services will be cheap and affordable. Most preventive medicine approaches helps early detection of diseases and prevent the expensive cost of complications treatment regimen, because prevention is better than cure. Proposed process for obtaining all anticipated registrations According to the information published on the website of Hudquarters.com, an article titled â€Å"How to get a DUNS number and CCR- 10 steps†, they laid out the guidelines and steps required to get these credentials. The steps are as follows:- Step 1 was identified as the planning stage. This is the step that all the paperwork will be gathered. As it is known that proper planning will prevent poor performance. This is the step where the name and address of the clinic, trade style, contact phone number and fax, number of anticipated employees, management team, EIN/TIN information which will correlates with the clinic`s tax paperwork and so forth. After all these planning have been done, step 2 involves contacting the company that issues the DUN number is next (Dun and Bradstreet). They can be reached via phone or online at 866-705-5711 or http://www.fedgov.dmb.com/webform respectively. The other steps involve providing the required information, obtaining a free DUNS number and creating a central contractor registration via http://www.ccr.gov. A 3 to 5 days processing / wait time is needed to complete the registration paperwork. Other registration paperwork such as CLIA, EIN, MPIN, NPI, NAICS, SBA, TPIN and so forth will be contracted to a professional business consulting firm due to the nature of its complexity and being on the safe side to avoid mistakes. Presentation of proposed APN service delivery The proposed / anticipated staffing teams are as follows:- Jimmy Khan OTR/L, member and partner Jimmy khan has been an occupational therapist for 15 years and has a graduate degree in Occupational therapy. Before the agreement to entering into this current partnership, Jimmy have extensive practice experience working as an occupational therapist. He started as an occupational therapy assistant before he made the decision to go back to school to obtain a degree in occupational therapy. In recent years, Jimmy is pursuing his doctoral program at the University of Chicago and currently retains a position as a consultant to a rehab facility in a nearby Chicago suburb. The need of an occupational therapy office space in our clinic cannot be underestimated. They will be in place to help stroke (cerebrovascular accident) victims regain their optimal functioning ability to assimilate with the community. Yinusa Moshood-Adeyemi RN, MSN (executive track) Clinical Coordinator and Clinical Compliance Officer (Co-owner) Adeyemi will be the Clinical Coordinator of south shore clinic and will be responsible for day to day clinical operations and compliance. Operating as an independent provider (Advanced Practice Nurse) with the collaborative agreement with Dr. Taiwo (hospitalist). Adeyemi will be working to make sure that quality and competent care will be readily accessible to the member of the south Chicago community. A care that will also be cost-effective and affordable. Adeyemi has 4 years of managing the operations of a home health business and also over 2 years of experience as a registered nurse. This is coupled with 4 years of military training and leadership experience. Dr. Taiwo will be the collaborative practice physician. Studied in Nigeria and moved to the United States 9 years ago. After passing his USMLE, he has been in in practice for 6 years. Works as a house physicians in couple of hospitals and he is willing to have a collaborative practice agreement due to state practice act. Consultants (Legal Counsel and Attorney) Jumbo consulting group provides clients in diverse industries, improve performance, complying with complex regulations, recover from distress leverage technology and statement growth. They will be taking care of other registration paperwork such as CLIA, EIN, MPIN, NPI, NAICS, SBA, TPIN and so forth due to the nature of its complexity and being on the safe side to avoid mistakes. Staffing South Chicago clinic staffing will be composed of (1) occupational therapist and (3) occupational therapy assistants. Also, there is a physician, a Medical assistant, a receptionist, a license practice nurse, a nurse practitioner and a physician. We will also be opened to giving people volunteer opportunities. Funding for this project will be obtained from bank loans. There are 2 banks that are willing to help fund this prospective business plan, Chase bank and Navy federal credit union. Hoping to get referral for patients having Medicare and Medicaid. In conclusion, the professional business of an APN requires credentialing and organizational business skills. Basic credentialing paperwork will be taking care of and the complex business documentations will be contracted to a consulting firm. Due to the nature and requirement of the Illinois practice act for advanced practice nurse, a collaborative agreement will be signed (contract) with a physician to fulfill licensure and credentialing requirement. The clinic will be located in the south side of Chicago neighborhood known to have high numbers of low class income. Affordable, competent, and quality healthcare are all included in the primary motives of the clinic and its location. The source of funding for the clinic is by loans from two different banks. Repayment of loans is set up to be completed in about 7 years if everything work out as planned. References How to Get a DUNS Number and CCR – 10 Steps. (2011, February 2).. Retrieved June 13, 2014, from http://hudquarters.com/2011/02/how-to-get-a-duns-number-and-ccr-10-steps/

Modules on skills and materials Essay

â€Å"Well prepared teachers have a large repertoire of activities for their classes. They can organise preparation and controlled output practice; they can direct students in the acquiring of receptive skills and organise genuinely communicative activities. This repertoire of activities enables them to have varied plans and achieve an activities balance.† â€Å"The Practice of English Language Teaching† Harmer Which of the techniques outlined in this module, and elsewhere in the modules on skills and materials, would you use in order to achieve genuine communication in the classroom? This task should refer to other areas of the course. You should aim to write about 750 words. The ultimate aim of teaching English to speakers of other languages is to achieve genuine communication by limiting teacher talking time and maximising student participation. Simply standing in front of a class and telling things to the students does not guarantee they will learn them. Students need to be actively involved in the lessons. A vital step in establishing a class of active learners is classroom management. There are many techniques which can be implemented in order to achieve genuine communication within the classroom. Communication should take place the minute the class begins. Getting into the habit of ‘chatting’ to the students at the start of a lesson gives them the chance to take part in natural conversation. This can be achieved by greeting the students and allowing five minutes to go around asking what people did at the weekend, for example. This gets students speaking before they have had a chance to worry about getting involved. In order to create an open learning environment and aid the flow of communication, the furniture in the classroom should be arranged appropriately. Ideally, the furniture should be  arranged in a circle as it allows all the students to be involved and creates a sense of equality. However, if this is not possible, a semi-circle or some form of group arrangement is best. A semi-circle ensures the students are able to see any visual aids clearly and as many students as possible have eye contact with the teacher. A group arrangement allows for a huge degree of interaction and can be useful in mixed-ability classes, where groups of students can concentrate on different communication tasks according to their ability. Another great way of rousing communication is to show interest in the students by getting to know about their interests and backgrounds. This allows teachers to make conversation before and after class using personal information. How is your new cat? Is your husband feeling better? It is encouraging for the students and they are more likely to want to speak about themselves, their families, etc. Getting to know the students also allows teachers to personalise lessons and set up relevant discussions. This increases student involvement by allowing them to express opinions about their environment and personal experiences. A similar technique is to talk about current affairs or news stories. These are subjects that the students are likely to have knowledge of and will be able to discuss amongst themselves. This will encourage students to find interesting stories or anecdotes they can share with the class or to keep themselves informed so they can have meaningful input in class activities. Current newspaper and magazine articles can be cut out and used to prompt discussions. These techniques can allow the students to take control of the conversation, reducing teacher talk time and consequently further their learning. Relevant and realistic practise of language is important in spurring meaningful communication from students. Teachers should focus on elements of language and communication that are necessary for the student’s goals or are of personal interest. The types of activities utilised in a lesson can give more or less opportunities for communication. The most obvious way to get someone talking is to ask them questions, but teachers should really think about the kinds of questions they ask. Closed questions are simple direct questions that can be useful for checking understanding or reviewing language, whereas open questions do not always have a single or right answer and get the students thinking. Both types of questions are useful in the classroom and teachers should establish a good balance between  the two. Furthermore, questions should be directed to the whole class initially, rather than a named individual, as this ensures all students are alert and thinking about the answer should they be chosen to respond. Another technique to keep students focused is avoiding asking questions in a fixed order. Teachers should mix it up by darting around the classroom, keeping the students on their toes. Asking questions can be rather limiting in the degree of communication it fosters and it involves a lot of initial input by the teacher. In order to encourage genuine communication between students so they get the most out of the experience, teacher talking time needs to be limited. Group or pair-work activities are a great way to do this. They generate conversation and communication flows more naturally. Well prepared group or pair-work activities should require students to maintain communication in order to complete the task. They dramatically increase the amount of speaking time each student gets in the class and allow students to interact independently without guidance of the teacher. This promotes learner independence and more spontaneous communication. Role-plays, dialogues, sketches, etc. can be a great way to reduce anxiety about speaking. Students may be embarrassed at first, but become less self-conscious as they concentrate on the character or role they are required to carry out, thus produce more natural language. In addition, prompts, such as role cards and realia can be provided as an aid for the students to use during their performance. It is important for the teacher to continue monitoring groups during fluency tasks to ensure English is being spoken. It is imperative that the use of the mother tongue language is limited in the class. If the class are of differing nationalities, this aids communication as the students have no choice but to use English to communicate. Thus, there are many techniques that can be adopted to ensure genuine communication is achieved in every lesson. It is important for teachers to really think about all aspects of the lesson, including the introduction, seating arrangement, the delivery of activities, materials used, etc. prior to teaching in order to maximise student talk time so that each individual gains the most out of their experience within the classroom. TASK FOR SUBMISSION TO YOUR TUTOR TASK 2 You are working in an ESOL school with class sizes of 14-18. Your boss does not like your school’s current way of testing spoken English. At the moment it is tested in a one-on-one, 2 minute speaking test at the end of course with a mark from 0-10. It does not seem to be working well and takes up a whole lesson from the course. He has asked for suggestions as to how to change the system. With reference to what you have studied in this and other modules, and to your own experience and reading, make some suggestions to your boss as to how the school could assess the spoken English of the students in a more accurate and less pressurized way. You should write about 400 – 500 words to send as an email setting out your ideas. Dear ______, In light of your recent request for ideas as to how to change the current way of testing spoken English, I would like to propose the following suggestions. Rather than a one-on-one end of year speaking test, we could adopt a task approach and assess the students speaking ability in a variety of ways throughout the duration of the course. We could create tasks that require the students to use the language in ‘real-life’ communicative performances. This type of testing is advantageous as it can be conducted with more than one student at a time, reducing the amount of time dedicated to the testing. It allows the students to use their language knowledge and competence in ‘real-life’ communications with their peers. It is a more realistic and accurate measure of their abilities. Not only do these tasks test accuracy and fluency, they also test how creatively the students are able to use language and whether they are able to communicate effectively with each other . It is likely to reduce the pressure they feel about a single ‘interview’ with the teacher, particularly if they get to perform the  tasks with other students so the focus isn’t solely on them. Adopting this kind of testing approach will allow us to carry out a number of different oral tests throughout the course, assessing a variety of skills. There are a number of different tasks that could be used such as role plays, debates and presentations. Role Plays: We can give them a specific situation and roles to play that utilise the language they have learnt. Role plays can be used informally throughout the course so the students get lots of time to practice for a formal assessment. Debates: We could split the classes into groups and have each group debate an argument relating to different topics they have studied. Each group would be split into two smaller groups, one to represent each side of the argument. The students can be given time in or out of class to prepare their side of the debate. Each side could be allocated a specific time for giving their initial argument in which each student has to contribute the same amount of time. Again, debates can be used informally throughout the course to practice language, allowing students ample of practice before the formal assessment. Class Presentation: We could assign group projects for the students to carry out in or out of class. The students will have a deadline to complete the project, at the end of which they will be asked to give a group presentation. We can provide them with guidelines of what to include and what skills they will be individually tested on. Another way to test students individually that takes away the pressure of ‘performing’ in front of the class is to ask them to make a recording. In a previous school, we had students read a short story and then asked them to imagine they were one of the characters. They had to record themselves giving an account of what happened according to their {the characters} personal experience. The students were allowed time to think about what they wanted to say before making the recording. After assessment, the students listened to each other’s recordings and gave constructive feedback to their classmates. This type of assessment was carried out a number of times throughout the course, with notable improvements across the board. Although this approach is less realistic, it gives the students a chance to hear themselves speaking and pinpoint their own mistakes which they can work on in the future. I hope these suggestions are of use and we are able to implement a more successful way of testing the oral skills of the students.

Natural monopoly Essay

The concept of â€Å"Natural Monopoly† comes from economics. It is a situation in which majority of the portion of market is covered by a single firm or company. The goods, services or products offered by the company covers the maximum portion of the market. A Natural Monopoly is a situation in which the cost of producing the product (goods or services) is lower due to economies of scale. In a situation of Natural Monopoly, there are no close substitutes to offer the same product or services. Economies of scale is a situation or condition in which the cost to a company of producing or supplying each additional unit of a product or service decreases as the volume of output increases. Economies of scale is not the only reason for the existence of monopoly. A Natural Monopoly also exists because of sole access to a particular resource or technology and because of the use of non-market means to eliminate competition, including buying up competitors and colluding with customers or suppliers to discriminate against competitors. A Natural Monopoly also exists even if there are multiple competitors in the market. In such case, the firm which can attain the largest volume of output and the lowest production cost will be called as a Natural Monopoly. All the other firms will have to exit the industry because they are unable to compete on a price basis. Basically, it is very difficult for any competitor to enter the market of natural monopoly because of very high cost of production facilities which includes the cost of infrastructure. There is also a high uncertainty among the intended competitors that they will be able to oust the existing monopolist. Some of the most commonly used examples for natural monopoly are utilities such as water supply system, electric power transmission system, railroads and pipelines. Though it is very difficult for any intended competitor to enter the market of natural monopoly, but it is very important for us to remember that natural monopoly is not permanent. This is because technological advances can lead to the development of new forms of competition for an industry, change its cost structure and affect the demands for its products. For example, canals were once a natural monopoly for bulk transport in parts of Europe and the U. S. , but these monopolies disintegrated during the nineteenth century as a result of the development of railway.

Act of God and Vis Major

Act of God and Vis Major Act of God and Vis Major Act of God and Vis Major By Maeve Maddox In March of 1997, 16 tornados tore through Arkansas, killing 26 people and destroying homes and businesses. At the time I was living in Hot Springs, cowering in the closet. The twister missed us, but thirty miles away, the college town of Arkadelphia was nearly wiped off the map. That March the state legislature quickly drafted a bill intended to protect tornado victims from the possibility that insurance companies might deny their claims. It contained the following language: No insurance policy or contract covering damages to property shall be canceled nor the renewal thereof denied solely as a result of claims arising from acts of God.† Then governor Mike Huckabee refused to sign the bill because he objected to the phrase â€Å"act of God† to describe â€Å"a destructive and deadly force.† He preferred â€Å"natural disaster.† After about three weeks, the term â€Å"natural causes† was agreed upon and the governor signed the bill. The term â€Å"act of God† to describe an event beyond human control has long been used by insurance underwriters. Here are some definitions listed at the Business Dictionary: act of God: violent and catastrophic event caused by forces of nature, which could not have been prevented or avoided by foresight or prudence. An act of God that makes performance of a contractual duty impossible may excuse performance of that duty. Dictionary of Business Terms act of God: natural occurrence beyond human control or influence. Such acts of nature include hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods. Dictionary of Insurance Terms act of God: an unpreventable destructive occurrence of the natural world. Example: A contract has a provision that allows the buyer to default if the property is damaged by an act of God. Examples of an act of God are: earthquake, flood, hurricane, lightning, tornado. Dictionary of Real Estate Terms An alternate term for â€Å"act of God† is the Latin term vis major, â€Å"an overpowering force†: vis major [vÄ ­s mÄ jÉ™r]: such a degree of superior force that no effective resistance can be made to it. OED Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Use â€Å"That,† â€Å"Which,† and â€Å"Who†Homogeneous vs. HeterogeneousJanuary 1 Doesn't Need an "st"

My Hero essays

My Hero essays Using a fictional character, a historical figure, or a contemporary person, talk about "heroes or heroism." When thinking of heroes to write on I the first and number one hero in my life is my father. My dad is the second oldest of five kids, he was raised in a traditional family where my grand father worked and my grand mother stayed home and raised the kids. I attribute his values and standers to way my father was raised. The reason he is my hero is because I want to be just like him. He loves his wife whom he has been married to for the past 35 years; he is very strong in his faith (Mormon) and loves all five of his children. I am the black sheep in the family, I smoke, drink, and have relationships with different women. Despite all of my faults he loves me the same as the rest of my siblings whom are living the standards of our church (which I remain in active in.) Our relationship grows stronger as time goes on and I get older and under stand more of how life works. We do several fix-it projects together; works on is his garden in the summer and the basement in the winter. I now I can go to my father with any problem I have in my life, he will listen and he is always there to help me out in what ever way he can if he is able to do so. When referring to my father in conversations, everyone whom knows him respects him for who he is and the way he treats others. I have never heard my father swear in my life and he has never treated my mother with any disrespect. He raised his children with a stern hand but never lost his calm cool with us kids. My dad was the enforcer in the house, when I had done something wrong and he punished my he would always say  ¡Chad, this hurts me more than it does you. ¡ Only now as an adult do I under stand what that meant and the incredible love my father had for all of us kids. I come from a very close family, all of us siblings have to see or talk to each o ...

Market Entry Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Market Entry Strategies - Essay Example The process of choosing the particular place to enter with a new venture is important since it determines the level of success of the firm. The factors that should be considered when setting the destination for the new venture include internal factors, external factors, desired mode characteristics, and transaction specific behaviors. Consider the location of any direct investment and then consider the culture of the country in terms of religion, Other factors that need to be considered includes institutional weaknesses and government policies of the country in which the new market is situated. Choosing the appropriate space involves market scanning and is based on secondary data and it should give the advantages and the disadvantages of investing in a particular market. Market research is the most complex part of determination of where to invest and it requires more resources to manage. Market research is mainly based on primary research and this is the reason why it requires more r esources to manage. Among the factors that are studied during market research are the geographic distance, cultural proximity, maturity of the distribution system and the economic and political stability in the region (Su, 2013). Timing of entrance According to Veronika (2007), timing of entrance is also an important for the organization just like the positioning of the market system. Both the latecomer and first mover have got advantages and disadvantages that they enjoy in market acquisition and establishment in the market (Limbersky, 2008). The first mover takes the advantages that include technological leadership and pre-emption of scarce resources in the market. The first movers also enjoy the advantages that come with of strong brands and the establishment of entries of barriers in the market. According to Michael and Hans (2012), the late movers also enjoy some advantages in the market that first mover cannot easily enjoy and they include opportunities to ride on first mover investment in the market. Janet and Gao (2012) also

Spain and portugal Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spain and portugal - Annotated Bibliography Example The oldest brother Juan at age 32 will be coming back home after studying abroad in France. He had gone there and accomplished his goal of getting his master’s in Business. Now his goal was to set out on another adventure, since he had traveled to France now he wanted to see more of this wonderful world. The middle brother Roberto at the age of 26 was following his older brother’s steps. This trip to him was to celebrate that he had gotten into the master’s program and would soon be traveling to Italy to finish it there. This was to prepare him for the outside world and get more of an insight on what he would soon experience. Carlos the youngest was simply going with them to celebrate his 21st birthday and as well he just wanted to experience an adventure of a lifetime. However, he had also at such a young age gotten his bachelor’s in computer since at the University of Denver. All three of the Luna brothers want to make this an experience of a lifetime. Not only that they want this experience to help them grow with each other, to help them be able to go on off on their own and know how to be responsible. They love adventure and what will make this trip even better is that since they all like different things it makes the trip have a lot of diversity. This trip they will embark on will last 21 days and in these days the trip we want to prepare will make them learn things from each other. For example while one of them like’s things outdoors, historical sites, and museums. The other one likes just the nightlife, parties, and fancy restaurants. On the other hand the other one likes to just interact with the locals and just to go around and do a little shopping. They know their income all together does not add up to get a life of a king, but it will be enough for them to have a great trip and to enjoy everything they want. During this trip we will take the clients to explore 3 major cities two of them belong to the country of Spain, which are the

Cross Subsidizing Political Groups in the Name of Agriculture Essay

Cross Subsidizing Political Groups in the Name of Agriculture - Essay Example The intention of the talk was making fair international law for a balanced trade approach for developing countries.This round could not fetch any results as there was no agreement on farm subsidies and market access.But it also decided to further continue talks in next negotiations. The Ministerial Declaration launching the Doha Development Agenda reflects the "broad agenda" and the focus on development.: It mandates negotiations on agriculture, industrial products, services, intellectual property (geographical indications, TRIPs, and Health), the "Singapore issues" (investment, competition, transparency in government procurement and trade facilitation), WTO rules (anti-dumping, subsidies, regional trade agreements) and trade and environment. Doha Development Agenda, European Union and WTO, Trade Issues, European Unions says that its primary objects in the WTO were multilateral trade rulemaking, market opening, the integration of developing countries in the world trade system and the improvement of the functioning of the WTO   it has believed that doing away with high tariffs, tariff peaks, and tariff escalation will significantly increase trade opportunities between North and South EU points out that market access negotiations on services would help in improving market opportunities for business as well as benefits to consumers worldwide. But it stood against general deregulation or privatization of sectors where principles of public interest are at stake. European Union's stand was that Doha Development Agenda succeed only if development opportunities of individual members, makes a tangible contribution to international efforts in favor of sustainable development and increases. We had seen large protests and processions consequent to every talk. There is a lot of lobbying for and against the trade negotiations inside and outside the international trade bodies. It is not economics, but its impact on domestic politics was the major cause for each and every co untry.The last one decade has seen a tremendous effort from the developing countries going for substantial efforts to make structural changes in their economies as part of reform agenda. Elimination of export subsidies, reductions in, and tighter criteria for, domestic "trade-distorting" subsidies in developed countries, reduction of tariff peaks and standardization and rationalization of food safety and processing requirements In this background there should have been some efforts from the developed world to genuinely address the concern of the developing world. Anyhow Doha meet was failed in reaching any concrete step before the next talk. In the year2003, Members again get together at Cancà ºn to forge concrete agreement on the Doha round objectives. The focus of Cancun negotiations was on agriculture, industrial goods, trade services and customer codes reforms. But again the developed world and developing world fight in the agriculture sector.Here also rich countries’ fa rm subsidies such as European Union's Common Agriculture Policies and US governments agro subsidies were the major roadblock.

Factors change Essay Example for Free

Factors change Essay After I have recorded all the results and written into tables, I used the data to make graphs, which are voltage against current. When I finished marking all the points on to the graphs, I put a line of best fit through. There are five graphs in total, each represents a thickness, on a graph there are five lines of best fits, and each represents a length of a thickness. Then I pick a point on the lines of best fits and calculate the gradient (resistance) by dividing the point on y-axis (voltage) by the point on the x-axis (current) as the ohms law states that V=IR. Finally, I have to draw five graphs to show the relations between length (on the x-axis) and resistance (on the y-axis). Also, I have to draw another graph to show the relations between thickness (on the x-axis) and resistance (on the y-axis). Evaluating Although the whole experiment has been going very well, but the results seems to show some bias or errors as in one or two of the graphs, the pattern is quite strange because some of the gradient (resistance) is not proportional to the lengths. Overall, the experiment can be said as a success. The aim of this experiment is to measure how the resistance change as the factors change. There are so many variables-temperature of surroundings, length, thickness, material, temperature of the wire, surface area, magnetic properties, coated or not and purity-that can be chosen to measure in this experiment. But in this experiment I am only going to measure two of them, which are length and thickness because these two are the easiest to measure and show the effects on the resistance. Prediction: The result should be showing that the resistance increase as the length or thickness increase. This happens because when length or thickness increases, the current will decrease. As the voltage wont change, if the current decreases, then the resistance will increase. Method: In the experiment I will need to use apparatus listed below.

Police Brutality :: Use of Excessive Force by Police

In recent years, police actions, particularly police abuse, has come into view of a wide, public and critical eye. While citizens worry about protecting themselves from criminals, it has now been shown that they must also keep a watchful eye on those who are supposed to protect and serve. This paper will discuss the types of police abuse prevalent today, including the use of firearms and receipt of private information. I will also discuss what and how citizens' rights are taken advantage of by police. For these problems, solutions will be discussed, focusing on political reform, education, and citizen review boards. These measures are necessary to protect ourselves from police taking advantage of their positions as law enforcement officers with greater permissive rights than private citizens. Because of this significant differential, all citizens must take affirmative action from physical brutality, rights violations, and information abuse. Problems arise, however, when one side is told what to do by another, as there is bound to be conflicting viewpoints. In regard to police abuse, there will be many officers who feel that their job of fighting escalating street crime, gangs, narcotics violations, and other violent crimes is difficult already, and that worrying about excessive policy for abusive behavior will only further decrease their ability to fight crime effectively, efficiently, and safely. Citizens, however, have been caught up in this gung-ho attitude, and police are more and more often crossing the line of investigation and interrogation with abusive behavior. This abuse must be monitored so that police do not forget who they are serving--not themselves, but the public. This means that even the criminals, who are a part of the public, have certain rights, particularly, civil rights. All citizens must be aware of these rights to protect themselves against over-aggressive officers who take advantage of their pos ition as badge and gun holders to intimidate and abuse civilians for personal or departmental goals. Such conflicts have significant implications on departmental and administrative policy procedures. One of the main police abuse problems is physical brutality. The main goal here should be to get the police departments to adopt and enforce a written policy governing the use of physical force. The policy should restrict physical force to the narrowest possible range of specific situations. For example, their should be limitations on the use of hand-to-hand combat, batons, mace, stun guns, and firearms. However, limiting polices' actions will bring much debate, especially from police officers and administrators themselves.

RENE DESCARTES PROOF OF GOD’S EXISTENCE: ACRITICAL EXPOSITION Essay

The question of God is a perennial subject of debate in the history of philosophical scholarship and can be located in nearly all the epochs of philosophy. The subject however occupies a central space in the medieval epoch that was characterized by religious thinkers. The debate is largely between two schools of thought. There are those who opine that there is no such entity as God. To such thinkers, the question of God does not amount to anything but is largely a product of human imagination. On the other hand, there are certain group of thinkers who insist that God is a reality that exist and must be given due consideration. Thus, the onus lies on the one who affirms the existence of God to explain who or what this God is and to prove his existence. The subject of God may have being difficult to explain because the term God does not refer to any physical entity in the universe. Rene Descartes who is widely revered as the father of modern philosophy affirmed the existence of God and proffered two arguments for the existence of God. Many scholars have bore their minds on the question of God, but our aim in this paper is to examine the various ramifications of Descartes’ proof of God’s existence. To achieve this aim, our exposition shall follow this outline: Life and works of Descartes Who is God? The historical trajectory of the problem of God The cogito: a background to the Cartesian prof of God’s existence ï  ¶Descartes’ proof of God’s existence Criticisms of the Cartesian proof of God’s existence Evaluation Conclusion Life and works of Rene Descartes Descartes is the first major philosophical thinker of the modern period and the father of modern philosophy. He was born in La Haye, a small town near Tours in France on the 3rd of March he received a Jesuit education at the Jesuit college of La fleche in Anjou, one of the best schools of his time. Upon completion of his studies, he went to Holland where he joined the army in 1618. The following year, he travelled to Germany where he began to develop his ideas concerning how knowledge should be acquired. Descartes  returned to France in 1628 but soon returned to Holland where he remained until 1649, when he went to Sweden at the request of Queen Christina to come and tutor her in philosophy and knowledge in general. He is said to have died of pneumonia on the 11th of February 1650. Descartes has many achievements to his name, he invented the analytic geometry and the Cartesian coordinate system named after him. His major works include: The Rules for the Direction of the Mind (1628), the world (1629), Discourse on Method (1637), Optics (1637), Meteorology (1637), Meditations on first Philosophy (1641), Principles of Philosophy (1644) and Passions of the soul (1649). Who is God? Much of the disagreement about â€Å"proofs† of God’s existence is due to different conceptions of God. Classical theism, for instance, characterizes God as a supreme metaphysical being. Despite extensive writing on the nature of God, these classical theists did not believe that God could be defined. They believed that it would be contradictory to the transcendent nature of God if mere humans are able to define him. By contrast, much of Eastern religious thought (chiefly pantheism) presents God as a force inherent in every accessible and conceivable experience. In modern times, the concept of God typically entails a monotheistic, supreme, ultimate, and personal being, as found in the Islamic, Christian and Hebrew traditions. A historical trajectory of the problem of God. Since the ancient epoch of philosophy, philosophers have always grappled with the problem of the existence of God. Thus we shall examine the general posture that the discourse of God assumed before and after the advent of Descartes. This would properly position us to understand the background from were Descartes emerges. The ancient Western tradition of philosophical discuss of the existence of God began with Plato and Aristotle, who made arguments that would today be categorized as cosmological. In the medieval epoch of philosophy, other arguments for the existence of God have been proposed by St. Anselm, who formulated the first ontological argument; Avicena Averroes and Thomas Aquinas, who refined the cosmological argument (the kalam argument and the first way, respectively). In the modern period, Descartes, asserts that the existence of a benevolent God is logically necessary for the evidence of the senses to be meaningful; and Immanuel Kant, also contended that the existence of God can be deduced from the existence of good. The cogito: a background to Descartes prof of God’s existence Descartes was skeptical of the knowledge he acquired over the years, because he thinks that real knowledge requires certainty. To attain certainty, we need a foundation and then, we need a way of building from that foundation to other truths. Descartes describes his foundation in the first meditation. His starting point is the collection of beliefs. Thus he looks for grounds of doubt for certain basic beliefs and having found certain grounds for doubt, all other beliefs based on the basic beliefs will tumble. He rejects beliefs acquired through sense perception on the ground that we could be dreaming. He further rejects a priori beliefs for example mathematical truths on grounds that there could be an evil deceiver who is so powerful and possibly responsible for making him conceive of these beliefs. Having doubted his beliefs, Descartes discovers that he exists, for even if there is a powerful deceiver, he must exis t. The reason for his certainty about this belief is that he is thinking, whether this thinking consists of being deceived by the evil deceiver or not. In other to be thinking, he must exist. He avers cogito ego sum-I think, therefore I exist. Thus, his existence serves as a model for acquiring other kinds of knowledge. However, Descartes has not totally extricated himself from his self-imposed doubt and to do so, he proves the existence of a God who is not a deceiver. The Cartesian proof of God’s existence. Descartes proffered two arguments for the existence of God in the meditations, neither is original. The first is a version of the cosmological argument espoused by ancient thinkers and the second is a reformulation of Anselm’s ontological argument the starting point for the two fold argument is his clear and distinct idea of God. That is, he infers the existence of God from his idea of God. The causal argument for the existence of God Descartes’ first argument can be summarized as an attempt to prove God’s existence by causal reasoning. He asserts that his idea of God could only have been caused by God. Below is a concise presentation of his causal argument: †¢All effects including ideas are caused by something. †¢There must be at least as much reality in the cause as there is in the effect. †¢I have an idea of God as an infinite and perfect being. †¢The idea of God in my mind is an effect that was caused by something †¢I am finite and imperfect and thus could not be the cause of the idea of an infinite and perfect God. †¢Only an infinite being could be the cause of such an idea. †¢Therefore, God (an infinite and perfect being) exist. The first premise of the causal argument derives from a commonly held belief that has long being a premise in other arguments for the existence of God. The logic behind Descartes’ second premise can be explained thus, he says a cold object such as a pot of water cannot become hot unless something else causes that heat. But, the cause must have a high degree as the effect. For it is impossible for one level of reality (the boiling water) to be produced by a cause that is less than the effect (a cold stove). Just as heated water is an effect that requires a cause, so Descartes’ idea of an infinite and perfect being is an effect or a phenomenon that needs to be accounted for. It is possible that Descartes could have produced the idea of God himself. But for him, a finite object can only produce another finite object. Hence, Descartes says ordinarily, the idea in his mind does not tell him if there is the existence of any external reality. However, the idea of perfection is unique. If he could not have manufactured it himself, then it will necessarily follow that he is not alone in the world, but that some other thing which is the cause of this idea exist. That thing can only be God therefore, God exists. Descartes further corroborated his argument by demonstrating that his sustained existence requires an adequate cause. Using a variation of his causal argument, he argues that a being such as himself who contains the idea of perfection cannot come from an imperfect cause. In the cause of searching for an explanation for his own sustained existence, he introduces the principle that there cannot be an infinite regress of causes therefore; these causes must culminate in an ultimate cause and that cause is God. He conceives God as an infinite substance who is Omniscient, omnipotent, everlasting, unchanging, perfect, and the creator of all things. The ontological argument. In the meditation, Descartes employed a version of Anselm’s ontological argument to buttress the existence of God. Descartes begins by stating that the essence of a thing is different from its existence. The essence of a thing is that property without which it cannot be what it is. He argues that, to be a perfect being, a being must include in itself all perfection. Existence is perfection, therefore a perfect being (God) necessarily exist. The main outline of Descartes’ version of the ontological argument is as follows: †¢I have the idea of a God that possess all perfection, †¢Existence is a kind of perfection †¢If the God I am thinking of lacked existence, then he will not be perfect †¢Hence, if I can have the idea of a perfect God, I must conclude that existence is one of God’s essential attributes. †¢If existence is one of God’s essential attributes, he must exist †¢Therefore God exist. Descartes’ bases his argument on the notion that when one clearly understands the nature of something, one would be lead to conceive of all its essential properties. The idea of God according to Descartes is always thought to be the idea of a perfect being. As such, such a being cannot lack perfection of any kind, including existence. And no other being has existence as a part of its essence. Thus Descartes says, it would be contradictory to say, I think of a perfect being who necessarily has existence as its property but who does not exist. Having proved the existence of God, Descartes uses the existence of God to explain his existence. He now sees God as the source of his existence and sustenance. Prior to his discovery of God, he had no idea of why he existed, for he could find no power within him that could bring about his existence. He now realizes that he is imperfect finite and dependent on God. Criticisms of the Cartesian proof of God’s existence. There are many problems with Descartes’ argument. Perhaps, the most obvious are his reliance on the causal principles, his acceptance of his previous scholastic beliefs about the degrees of reality of ideas and of things and his claim that his idea of God is clear and distinct. Descartes posits that the light of nature teaches us how to distinguish what is clear and distinct from what is not. One problem that still remains a puzzle concerns how we  can know when the infallible light of nature is guiding us and when our natural impulses are leading us since we do not have any means of detecting when our natural impulses are leading us from those instances where we are led by the light of nature. Several theologians of Descartes’s time challenged the claim that infinity and perfection must precede all thoughts of finitude and imperfection. One of such critics puts it thus, â€Å"I can surely take a given degree of being, which I perceive within myself, and add on a further degree of being, and thus construct the idea of a perfect being from all the degrees which are capable of being added on.† If finite minds can construct the idea of infinity or perfection in this manner, we do not need to look outside of ourselves in an attempt to account for the origin of our idea of infinity.’ Though many theologians who used this argument agree that there is the existence of God, they simply think that Descartes provided an inadequate argument for the existence of God. Many philosophers have also objected that existence is not a property at all, hence cannot be derived from the concept of God in the same way as God’s benevolence or omnipotence. We can also question Descartes’ claim that his idea of God is clear and distinct. Perhaps, the idea of a supremely perfect being contains a contradiction. Even i f we were to grant Descartes that reality or existence is a property, why must we think that there is a most perfect being-that is, that there is a top to the scale, at which actuality is reached? From our exposition, it is apparent that Descartes’ rationalistic method has led him out of the slit of doubt. He is now certain of the existence of himself and God. The existence of God for him is particularly important because it released him from the prison of his mind. He now knows that something exists outside his own mind and its ideas. Thus, he uses his certainty of the existence of God as a bridge to the external world. It is important to note however that Descartes aim is to show that all knowledge can be derived from reason. He begins with the ‘cogito’ which shows him that he exists as a thinking thing. From the cogito, he knows that what he clearly and distinctly perceives by the ‘light of nature’ must be true. Then he discovers certain clear and distinct principles which together with a clear and distinct idea of God enable him to derive God’s existence. And  ones he has done this, he is able to remove the evil demon as a ground o f doubt since an even more powerful benevolent perfect deity exist. We have successfully examined the issue of the existence of God. We began by examining the ambiguous nature of the concept of God after which we attempted to understand how the truth of the cogito led Descartes to the discovery of the existence of God and the terrestrial world. from our exposition, we can say that conclusions on the existence of God can be divided along numerous axes, producing a variety of independent classifications such as; Theism and atheism, Gnosticism and agnosticism, Ignosticism, and Apatheism. Though Descartes can be criticized and has been criticized on many fronts, his contribution to the God question cannot be over emphasized. He has inspired many after him who have also contributed their quota to the problem all in a view to proffer solution to the perennial problem of God. Bibliography Lawhead F., William, the Voyage of Discovery: A Historical Introduction to Philosophy, second edition, U.S.A: Wadsworth, 2002. Sutchile F. E., Descartes: Discourse on the Method, (trans.) London: Penguin Books, 1968. Ariscombe E. and Geach, P. T., Descartes philosophical writings (Ed.) New York: Open University Press 1971. Beardsley C. Monroe, The European Philosophers from Descartes to Nietzsche, New York: Random House Inc. 1992. Norris C., on Truth and meaning: Language, Logic and the Grounds for Belief, London and New York: Continuum, 2006. Jimoh K. A., Certitude and Doubt: A Guide in Epistemology, Ibadan: Ebony Books and Kreations, 2013.